Browsing by Author "Dohlsten, Martin"

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    Barriers to antenatal care in Rwanda. A literature study on barriers for pregnant women in Rwanda to access antenatal care.
    (2014-06-19) Dohlsten, Martin; Göteborg University/Department of Medicine; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för medicin
    Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) can be seen as a key factor in predicting the outcome of childbirth and can help to detect early risk factors and begin treatment for pregnant women who suffers from complications during pregnancy. In many low-income countries, and especially in sub-Saharan Africa, numerous obstacles exist in order to allow women to attend ANC-clinics during pregnancy. Aim: The purpose of this paper was to identify barriers for pregnant women to attend ANC and analyse it in the Rwandan context. Method: A literature-based study design was used and the material consisted of quality-reviewed articles. In order to analyse the selected articles the results were categorized. Results: Five main categories were identified as barrier to ANC: Limited access to healthcare, lack of male involvement, lack in knowledge, cultural barriers and financial barriers. Four strategies for a better ANC coverage in Rwanda were also identified: Better access to ANC clinics, more education about the importance of ANC, increased male involvement during pregnancy and better insurance coverage. Conclusion: In order to create a better ANC coverage among pregnant women in Rwanda these barriers need to be overcome. In order to overcome these barriers, this study suggested four different strategies. By implementing these strategies into national policies and programs more women can have a better chance of attending ANC and giving birth at a health facility in Rwanda.
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    Mödradödlighet i Afrika söder om Sahara: En kvantitativ studie om den nationella utvecklingens påverkan på mödradödlighet.
    (2014-05-02) Dohlsten, Martin; University of Gothenburg/School of Global Studies; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för globala studier
    About 1000 women in the so called developing countries die every day associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst affected region. This study aims to explore the different key factors in national development that can interact with a reduced maternal mortality. The study compares 15 countries in sub-Sahara where the greatest reduction in maternal mortality occurred with 15 countries in sub-Sahara where maternal mortality reduction has been at its lowest, between the years 2000 to 2010. This study also analyzes the link between reduced maternal mortality and various key factors for national development. The essay is based on the understanding that health is a broad phenomenon, where an improved state of health globally requires a multidisciplinary work that focuses on more factors than the medical. The results of the study are based on two different statistical analyzes. One of the analyzes have been done by comparing the mean value in the improvement of various development factors between the countries in sub-Sahara where the greatest reduction in maternal mortality occurred with the 15 countries of sub-Sahara where maternal mortality reduction was lowest, between the years 2000-2010. The second analysis was done by a correlation analysis between maternal mortality and various development factors. All data provided in the study were taken from the World Bank's open database. The results show that six different development factors correlate with reduced maternal mortality. These are; an increase in GDP per capita, increased education, increased life expectancy, a greater focus on health care, better access to clean water and better access to sanitation. Increased education was the only factor that showed a statistically significant difference between countries in sub-Sahara where the greatest reduction in maternal mortality occurred between the years 2000-2010 , with countries of sub-Sahara where maternal mortality reduction was lowest. By bringing together the results of the two analyzes shows that a higher level of education is a very important factor in achieving reduced maternal mortality in the sub-Saharan countries surveyed in the study.