Browsing by Author "Gabrielsson, Marianne"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Discursive changes on comprehensive education in Sweden from 1969 – 2011
(2014-09-05) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg/Department of education and special education; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik och specialpedagogik
Aim: Partly the investigation has an aim to make a diachronic analyse of Lgr 69, Lgr 80, Lpo 94 and Lgr 11 and critically discuss discursive changes within these policy documents, regarding educational reforms and paradigm shifts, and partly the purpose is to study the effects of these changes. • What discursive changes can be identified within the educational regimes during the time period of 1969 – 2011 concerning participation and citizenship? • How may these changes have affected the production and reproduction of social capital within the educational system Theory: The theoretical framework has its point of departure within educational sociology concentrating on Critical theory, Bourdieu’s theory of habitus and the discourse theory by Laclau and Mouffe. Method: The methodology is based on the theoretical framework with Critical Discourse Analysis using Fairclough’s three-dimensional model as the main analytical tool, combined with immanent critique. Results: Three major discursive changes can be identified during the investigated period of time. From the foundation in the ideas of A School for All in Lgr 69, the discourse turned more into a School for Knowledge and Skills in Lgr 80. This neo-liberal turn has become even clearer in Lpo 94 and Lgr 11 with its focus on A School for the Market. The discursive changes have transformed and affected the production and reproduction of social capital into a social order where marketisation has become the word. By habituating the individuals into a certain direction through discourses, the education now makes education a product to be sold and consumed. Thus, the production and reproduction of social capital is now directed toward a more ‘profit-related’ goal and enterprise –like praxis, where education provide with knowledge products in the shape of human capital.
De dödas gåvor
(2018-08-06) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of Historical Studies; Göteborgs universitet / Institutionen för historiska studier
This study examines 15 selected Mesolithic graves in Skateholm I & II and Tågerup, focusing on the grave-gifts. The aim is to discuss and problematise the roles and functions of these gifts, to reach a more substantial knowledge of the Mesolithic burial customs in Scandinavia. One of the main conclusions is the need to explore and discuss the role of humans as grave-gifts. Another aspect to discuss is the void in the research concerning the transition between Skateholm II and I. Finally, we see a dislocation in the discourse towards more subjective, active and personal functions of the grave-gifts.
"I am the opposite of progress” – A discussion about Bauman’s Liquid Modernity through the lens of Yellowstone
(2023-07-06) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of Sociology and Work Science; Göteborgs universitet / Institutionen för sociologi och arbetsvetenskap
Purpose: The purpose is to problematize how to use conservatism as counterforce to Liquid Modernity by answering two research questions. - What critique against liquid modernity can be identified in Yellowstone? - How does Yellowstone articulate conservatism as counterforce against monetary interests and profit. Theory: The theoretical framework consists of Liquid Modernity (Bauman, 2000), and how this can be applied on a study using fiction as main material. Method: The methodological framework is twofold, in which I combine sociology through literature and socio-poetics. Result: The text has come up with two major conclusions: The most common critique is to enhance aspects that function as opposites to central elements in liquid modernity. These oppositions are all parts of what I call conservatism as a way of thinking and to preserve the future. This perspective involves concepts of moral, tradition, virtues, contemplation and cultural elements from both the ranching culture and the indigenous one. Using conservatism is one strategy of pointing to the necessity of moving beyond fixed, woke ideas of white, male, stereotyped right-wing-driven ideologies of stale and outdated ideals. By enhancing duality, ambivalence and conflict, Yellowstone contributes with a broad, pioneering narrative of the importance for taking one step back to move forward. Time to enable contemplation is another essential tool for fighting profit and the transition from human to profitable object.
“Likes - the new Self?” How does social currency affect yoga practitioners in Sweden?
(2022-10-31) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of Sociology and Work Science; Göteborgs universitet / Institutionen för sociologi och arbetsvetenskap
This article discusses the impact of social currency on yoga practitioners in Sweden, emphasising the relation between social currency, sexualisation and yoga. Social currency is best described as the more likes on social media, the higher social status – especially on Instagram. Following this definition, this article aims at exploring why and how we practice yoga in Sweden by asking 1) how yoga practitioners perceive and embody yoga, and 2) to what extent there is a relation between social currency, sexualisation and yoga. Departing from a combined methodology of 10 narrative interviews and content analysis of 20 Instagram accounts, supported by a theoretical apparatus of French sociologists Pierre Bourdieu, Jean Baudrillard and American author bell hooks, two conclusions are drawn: ▪ Within the yoga community, two opposite philosophical directions are identified: the traditionalists and Yoga 2.0. This polarisation shows a tendency towards a shift in favour of those who use yoga to gain social currency. This has consequences for how we perceive and embody yoga, with individualism and sexualisation as prominent aspects. ▪ There is a strong relation between social currency, sexualisation and yoga, in which Instagram plays an essential part as being a role-model for how to perceive and embody yoga. This implies a normalisation of cultural and human exploitation and objectification. These results point at the necessity to broaden the discussion of social currency, sexuality, and what impact this will have on yoga practitioners today. This concern also involves how re-writing of culture has become a normalisation in which old colonial and oppressing structures not only are being sanctioned, but even more and reproduced and socially incorporated. The critique against traditional yoga practitioners being religious and obsolete, simultaneously creates the ‘new’ religion: that of worshipping the physical body as currency for social status and capital, which I call the ‘Church of bodies.’ This paradox opens doors for further research on the modern yoga and its consequences and impact on the direction in which today’s yoga community is heading.
Materialitet som aktant. Stonehenge, Mossen och Lindholm Høje - tre exempel på aktanter för liminalitet och begravningspraktik i tre olika tidsperioder
(2021-03-18) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of Historical Studies; Göteborgs universitet / Institutionen för historiska studier
The purpose is to examine three materialities: Stonehenge, bogs (represented by Gullåkra, Rævmose, Aukamper Moor) and stone ships at Lindholm Høje. By focusing on their actantial function in relation to liminality and burial practises, the study aims at contributing with new interpretations of materiality, actants and liminality. Three main objectives are explored concerning how the chosen materialities can be considered as actants for liminality; how these actants relate to design and emotional charge; and what new interpretations are presented concerning materiality – actants – burial practises. Using concepts such as liminality, design and emotional charge from a general michroarchaeological perspective the study has reached two major conclusions: ▪ Materialities can be considered as living actants with a two-folded function: 1) representing the agents collective voice, and 2) functioning as co-actors in the relational movement leading to seriality and hybridization. This process involves reciprocity and change of perspectives. ▪ The study introduces a dislocation of nodalpoints concerning the discourse of how to approach bogs and their function. The new nodalpoint focuses on the shift from low-status to high-status individuals in the context of sacrifice. These conclusions call for further studies elaborating the specific function of relational movement in a more extended context involving other materialities than those presented in this study
Mosslikens liv och död Encounters i norra Europa under förromersk järnålder
(2020-01-21) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of Historical Studies; Göteborgs universitet / Institutionen för historiska studier
Abstract The purpose is to examine 17 bog bodies in the north-west of Europe, from the perspective of encounters. All bog bodies are considered as deviants from the social consensus. Focus will be on clothing, hair styles, attributes, corporality and violence – in order the find any geographic indications of encounters, the relation between the violated bodies and new practises, and what new interpretations can be made from the results. The main findings are: ▪ A strong relation between practises to choose and sacrifice individuals of certain characteristics, and the bog as transformer and reviver. ▪ Both body as well as bog function as actant, narrating the story of body, bog and practice. ▪ Traces of cultural hybridity type 2 as old practices still remain but are partly being transformed into new variants. Further research will discuss the bog symbolising both present and future, the spectators and those who selected the bodies
STÖRST AV ALLT ÄR…LÖGNEN - En studie i David Bowies gestaltning av Ibsens begrepp Livslögn
(2018-02-08) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg / Department of sociology and work science; Göteborgs universitet / / Institutionen för sociologi och arbetsvetenskap
Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien är att ur ett existentiellt perspektiv diskutera hur David Bowie, i sina texter, gestaltar Ibsens begrepp livslögn. Genom en litteratursociologisk läsning av Bowies verk ämnar studien använda ett material som ligger utanför sociologins traditionella ramar och på så sätt kunna synliggöra och diskutera sociologins existentiella begränsningar, i relation till livslögn. Syftet kommer att besvaras med hjälp av frågeställningarna: • Hur förhåller sig individens livslögn till sociala strukturer, normer och värderingar i David Bowies texter? • På vilket sätt kan David Bowie ses som en tillgång i det sociologiska studiet av hur samhällets påverkan på individen genererar livslögner? Metod och material: Studien utgå från ett litterartursociologiskt perspektiv, där Cosers sociology through litearture, och Svedjedals sociopoetik är de metodologiska analysverktyg som används. Materialet består av 33 utvalda texter, från sammanlagt 16 album med David Bowie. Huvudresultat: Hur förhåller sig individens livslögn till sociala strukturer, normer och värderingar i David Bowies texter? Bowie framställer livslögnen som en konsekvens av en tillvaro och verklighet som saknar mening för individen. För att kunna förhålla sig till lagar, normer och värderingar använder livslögnen mekanismer som förträngning, avtrubbning, bedövning och roller. det som då sker är en slags nedåtgående spiral där dessa mekanismer skapar ett inre kaos hos individen – som för att kunna överleva, skyddar sig med livslögnens masker och roller. Dock så kvarstår i individen känslor såsom förvirring, ensamhet och förtvivlan vilka mynnar ut i en värld präglad av kaos. På vilket sätt kan David Bowie ses som en tillgång i det sociologiska studiet av hur samhällets påverkan på individen genererar livslögner? Bowie tillför en existentiell dimension till sociologin genom det s.k. inre mötet. När individen ställs mot sin egen spegelbild genererar detta två möjligheter; vi kan välja att fly vår egen spegelbild genom livslögner, masker och roller – eller så tar vi möjligheten till rannsakning och verkligen ser människan i spegeln. På så sätt erbjuds vi en möjlighet att ta av livslögnens mask och hitta en värld präglad av frihet.
Time to Love: Romantic comedies and narratives of LOVE – from a Swedish context
(2022-08-23) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg/School of Global Studies; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för globala studier
This study explores the relation between love and romantic comedies, (aka romcoms), among people living in Sweden. Romcoms, being one of the most popular film genres ever, has often been subject to critique of not being serious enough and to derange people’s perceptions love. To investigate this, and to find out if there is any relation between romcoms and how its consumers think about love, I will focus on why we watch romcoms, how we embody the love displayed in the films, and what effects this might have on our perceptions of love. Four concepts will guide my analysis: Merleau-Ponty and Toren’s definition of embodiment, Bourdieu’s masculine domination and doxa, and Young’s restrained intentionality. These analytical tools are employed together with narrative interviews and digital participant observations. The ethnographic data was retrieved through 10 interviews (6 women and 4 men) with a total of 22 hours. Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, all interviews were conducting via the digital tool ZOOM. The study points at three conclusions: ▪ Romcoms has a psychopharmacologic function in the sense of escapism. ▪ The participants embody romcoms in terms of EPIC love, disappointment, resignation, fear, non-realistic, demands, false happiness or joy. ▪ Romcoms has become a negatively loaded symbol for traditionalism, monogamy, conformity, stereotypes and ideals. Placing these conclusions within a larger discourse, the study points at underlying social structures, indicating romcoms only to be part of larger societal dilemmas. This also indicates a need to move away from ‘easy’ solutions of Hollywood being the bad guy. The study emphasises a chronology in which love, and romance precedes the love presented by the film industry, implying our perceptions of love to be a combination of historical, social, and near-universal elements. Escapism indicates societal problems to which romcoms are portrayed as solution – not problem. Paradoxically, this solution is presented in a stigmatised, negative tone, causing feelings of shame, blameand belittleness, contextualising romcoms as a ‘guilty pleasure’ for the female consumer. A consequence of this paradox is a continuation of society re-writing culture, reproducing the outdated idea of the Other, as in dividing people into intellectual, serious, and pragmatic consumers and the rest: the naïve and stupid consumer of banal and superficial portrayals of love. This indicates a dislocation of discourse from near-universal love to pragmatic rationalism. However, despite findings of love being related to pragmatism, disappointment and love always being for someone else, the interviews also indicate near-universal takes on love represented by dreams, hopes and visions for a love reaching beyond social constructions. The fact that romcoms hold such complexity, opens new horizons for future studies, in which three aspects are of certain interest: 1) the capitalisation of culture consumption including film, literature, music as well as social media, 2) the continuation of re-writing culture and, 3) the anthropological lack of discussing love as possible near-universal phenomenon
Vem i hela världen kan man lita på? En kritisk diskursanalys av Lgr11 och Skollag 2010:800
(2012-08-15) Gabrielsson, Marianne; University of Gothenburg/Department of education and special education; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik och specialpedagogik
Syfte: Det övergripande syftet med detta arbete är att granska Lgr11 och Skollagen 2010:800 med hjälp av kritisk diskurs analys, för att försöka utröna huruvida dessa nya utbildningspolitiska reformer gynnar elevernas lärande eller om det är en ideologiskt producerad text som används för att få fram ett budskap som mer passar in i den samtid vi lever i idag. Med teori och forskningsgenomgången som en bakgrund har det utkristalliserats tre aspekter som studien kommer att ha fokus på; 1) Att undersöka de eventuella motsägelser som kan föreligga i dokumenten, och på vilket sätt de i så fall eventuellt utgör en bristande trovärdighet i dessa dokument. 2) Dokumentens innehåll kopplat till tidigare forskning. D.v.s. om det går att påvisa kopplingar till den vetenskapliga forskning som har bedrivits inom skolväsendet, och då främst den nationella forskningen. 3) Att undersöka skolans huvudsakliga funktioner såsom de benämns i dokumenten och i forskningen, och se hur de kan kopplas till begreppet lärande. Teori: Teoriramen innefattar en utbildningssociologisk grund som tar sin början i kritisk teori och Marxismen och fortsätter via utbildningssociologiska aspekter på skolan fram till den svenska grundskolans olika reformer. Begrepp som demokrati och läroplansforskning samt utbildningsförändring förklaras i detta kapitel. Metod: Som ansats har jag använt mig av kritisk teori i grunden och därefter kritisk diskurs analys enligt Fairclough´s modell, samt immanent kritik. Resultat: Skolans huvudfunktioner tycks vara att skapa ett anställningsbart humankapital med hög faktisk kunskapskompetens för att kunna konkurrera med syfte att bevara klasskillnader och öka det ekonomiska kapitalet i landet. Men, styrdokumenten innehåller en rad inre motsättningar som minskar dess trovärdighet. Inom styrdokumenten framträder målsättningen vara att fostra och forma passiva, medgörliga individer som lätt anpassar sig till ett ideologiskt budskap – d.v.s. att skapa individer som lär utan att reflektera över sin kunskap.