Browsing by Author "Johansson, Gustaf"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Sweden’s proposed excise tax on plastic bags -Using a stated preference method to evaluate outcomes
(2020-02-18) Johansson, Gustaf; Söderlund, Fredrik; University of Gothenburg/Department of Economics; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för nationalekonomi med statistik
The 1st of May 2020, the Swedish government will implement an excise tax on plastic bags. Using a stated preference method, this paper explores the effects the excise tax will have on plastic bag consumption. The vast majority of plastic bags that are sold in Sweden are grocery store bags. Therefore, this study focuses on the consumption effects on grocery store bags, as opposed to plastic bags that are sold in other types of stores. Intercept surveys were conducted outside of four different grocery stores. Using the data gathered during the surveys, we calculate the average consumption decrease given three different price scenarios. Further, data on consumption habits in regard to the so called “fruit bags” was also collected. Using this data, we were able to calculate the consumption decrease at two different price levels for fruit bags. This study finds that, given a price increase of 3 SEK, plastic bag consumption will decrease by almost 36%. The consumption of plastic bags decreased by 11% between 2017 and 2018, and if this trend continues after the excise is implemented, we believe that it is possible to reach the EU consumption target of 40 plastic bags per person per year in 2025, but it is unsure if any further action is needed.
The Importance of Local Context in Multidivisional Organizations: Prospective sensemaking in an ambiguous change process guided by an envisioned future
(2020-06-16) Hallberg, Jacob; Johansson, Gustaf; University of Gothenburg/Graduate School; Göteborgs universitet/Graduate School
Emerging technologies are becoming increasingly important in production processes and forces manufacturing organizations to transform in order not to fall behind. For the automotive industry does this entail a shift towards the envisioned future Industry 4.0 with smart factories and changing ways of working. This paper therefore examines how an envisioned future guided top executives in their attempts to generate a collective understanding of an ambiguous change process between leaders in four production divisions. A qualitative research where data was collected through 17 in-depth interviews, on-site observations and document analysis with the aim to gather information on how leaders made sense of and talked about the change towards an envisioned future. The theoretical framework is composed by the theories prospective sensemaking, a lens to understand how actors interpret and respond to a changing future, and sensegiving, a lens to derive how actors try to influence the meaning constructions of others towards a preferred state. The study revealed that leaders in the regional divisions struggled to make sense of the organizational wide and imprecise change strategy and translate it into regional change initiatives. The findings contribute with insights that the interplay between people and material artifacts develops a unique local context which impedes the forming of an organizational wide collective prospective sensemaking. The paper furthermore outlines a groundwork in categorizing the retrospective and prospective elements mutually occurring in the prospective sensemaking process.
“Till Guds, den Högstes ära!” Improvisation i gudstjänsten med J.S. Bachs Orgelbüchlein som inspirationskälla
(2025-02-13) Johansson, Gustaf; University of Gothenburg/Academy of Music and Drama; Göteborgs universitet/Högskolan för scen och musik
Syftet med detta arbete är att med utgångspunkt från Johann Sebastian Bachs Orgelbüchlein identifiera och pröva strategier för improvisation över koralmelodier. I ett första skede analyserades och kartlades olika tekniker som Bach använder sig av i denna samling för att bearbeta fyra utvalda koraler, och de parametrar som analyserades var melodik, harmonik, rytmik och användandet av retoriska figurer. Utifrån vad som framkom i musikanalysen skapades sedan egna koralimprovisationer i liknande stil som skulle kunna passa på olika platser i en gudstjänst. Metoden som användes i detta andra skede av processen var aktionsforskning, där experimenterandet vid orgeln dokumenterades i form av loggbok och ljudinspelningar och utfallet efter reflektion fick utgöra utgångspunkt för nästa aktion. Arbetet resulterade förutom i fyra egna koralimprovisationer också i förslag på hur en strategi för improvisation över en koral kan utformas utifrån Bachs bearbetningsmodeller. Viktiga resultat som framkom är dels betydelsen av varierad harmonik men också hur improvisation efter förlagor som metod kan främja en strukturerad utveckling av musikalisk vokabulär som är användbar i improvisationer.