Browsing by Author "Maxwell, Laura"

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    Democracy for All?
    (2018) Lührmann, Anna; Dahlum, Sirianne; Lindberg, Staffan I.; Maxwell, Laura; Mechkova, Valeriya; Olin, Moa; Pillai, Shreeya; Sanhueza Petrarca, Constanza; Sigman, Rachel; Stepanova, Natalia; V-Dem Institute
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    Successful and Failed Episodes of Democratization: Conceptualization, Identification, and Description
    (2020) Wilson, Matthew C.; Morgan, Richard; Medzihorsky, Juraj; Maxwell, Laura; Maerz, Seraphine F.; Lührmann, Anna; Lindenfors, Patrik; Edgell, Amanda B.; Boese, Vanessa A.; Lindberg, Staffan I.; V-Dem Institute
    What explains successful democratization? This paper makes four contributions towards providing more sophisticated answers to this question. Building on the comparative case study and large-N literature, it first presents a new approach to conceptualizing the discrete beginning of a period of political liberalization, tracing its progression, and classifying episodes by successful vs. different types of failing outcomes, thus avoiding potentially fallacious assumptions of unit homogeneity. Second, it provides the first ever dataset (EPLIB) of the full universe of episodes from 1900 to 2018, and third, it demonstrates the value of this approach, showing that while several established covariates are useful for predicting outcomes, none of them seem to explain the onset of a period of liberalization. Fourth, it illustrates how the identification of episodes makes it possible to study processes quantitatively using sequencing methods to detail the importance of the order of change for liberalization outcomes.
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    Successful and Failed Episodes of Democratization: Conceptualization, Identification, and Description
    (2018) Lindberg, Staffan I.; Lindenfors, Patrik; Lührmann, Anna; Maxwell, Laura; Medzihorsky, Juraj; Morgan, Richard; Wilson, Matthew C.; V-Dem Institute
    What explains successful democratization? Answering this requires that researchers identify not only countries that successfully transitioned to democracy, but also those that began to liberalize—that initiated institutional reforms that move it towards democracy—but failed to transition. In this paper, we propose a solution that allows researchers more fully to capture the liberalization period and then classify these episodic events according to their outcome: successful, failed, or censored episodes of democratization. We identify the appropriate procedures and data necessary for operationalization of such episodes and present the first ever dataset of the full universe of democratization episodes 1900-2017, compare them to existing measures and assess construct validity. We also demonstrate the value of this approach showing how we can substantially improve upon what we know about democratization, including their relationship to development, state capacity, underlying temporal features, and the relationship between patterns of liberalization and whether a country successfully transitions to democracy.
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    The V-Dem Method for Aggregating Expert-Coded Data
    (2018) Maxwell, Laura; Marquardt, Kyle L.; Lührmann, Anna; V-Dem Institute