Browsing by Author "Petersson, Hanna"

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Att beakta barnets bästa i förskolan. En mixed methods-studie om rektorers och politikers uppfattningar
(2021-08-23) Petersson, Hanna; University of Gothenburg/Department of education, communication and learning; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik, kommunikation och lärande
'The best interests of the child' principle, originating from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, is often used in the early childhood education context. However, the principle appear as vague and therefore needs to be implemented in individual cases. In Swe-den, it is a responsibility for principals and local politicians to make sure that the best interests of the preschool child is a primary consideration in all actions concerning them. The aim of this study is to explore ideas held by principals and local politicians about what 'the best inter-ests of the child' as a principle implies and how they make sure that the principle is a primary consideration in their actions concerning children. Based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological sys-tems theory (1979), the intention further is to examine the relationship between the opinions held by principals and politicians respectively. The study, drawing on a mixed-methods procedure, applies a qualitative thematic analysis, a descriptive statistical analysis and an integration of the qualitative and quantitative elements. The results show that the politicians and principals emphasise similar as well as divergent ideas about what is crucial in 'the best interests of the child' principle. According to the politicians in the macrosystem, giving princi-pals necessary prerequisites to consider the best interests of the child is their responsibility. However, it appears as if the principals in the exosystem do not regard the given conditions as adequate in considering the best interests of the child. A significant finding is that communication between the exosystem and the macrosystem seems to be insufficient. There-fore, considering 'the best interests of the child' in all actions concerning preschool children seems difficult for both principals and politicians, and deserves further research.
Barns perspektiv på interaktion med förskollärare i förskolan – en systematisk forskningsöversikt
(2020-12-17) Petersson, Hanna; University of Gothenburg/Department of education, communication and learning; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik, kommunikation och lärande
Children's perspectives' is a concept used in both research and early childhood education. However, the concept is not easily defined. Furthermore, there is a diversity of approaches and theories on the subject, which results in various methodologies as well as various results. The aim of this essay is to provide a picture of research from different approaches on children's perspectives on interaction with preschool teachers in early childhood education. The research questions addressed in this systematic review are: How do children describe interactions with preschool teachers? How do children's perspectives on interaction with preschool teachers appear? What comes out as significant in children's descriptions of interaction with preschool teachers? The method used was an configurative systematic overview of eleven studies. The results show that children emphasize different aspects on interaction than researchers approaching children's perspectives. What children describe is preschool teacher interaction characterised by care, preschool teachers' participation in play and a desire to be involved in early childhood education decisions. However, children in the studies do not express preschool teachers' teaching as important, something that is emphasized in Nordic preschool curricula. Furthermore, a significant finding is the deficiency of research on children's perspectives on interaction with preschool teachers in early childhood education.
Elevers motivation för att lära sig matematik En studie om elevers och lärares syn med utgångspunkt i Decis motivationsteori
(2007) Johansson, Hanna; Petersson, Hanna; Göteborgs universitet/Sociologiska institutionen
Sammanfattning Syftet med vår undersökning var att undersöka elevers motivation för att lära sig matematik och lärares syn på elevers motivation för att lära sig matematik med utgångspunkt i Decis motivationsteori. Vi studerade vad som motiverar elever, om de har inre eller yttre motivation, när de känner sig kompetenta och självstyrande och vilken inverkan det i sådana fall har på motivationen samt lärares syn på dessa aspekter. För att uppnå vårt syfte använde vi oss av intervjuer med tio elever och två lärare från två olika klasser i år 3 samt observationer av två matematiklektioner i vardera klassen. Vid analys av intervjuerna antog vi ett hermeneutiskt angreppssätt eftersom vi ville se mönster och variation i elevernas uppfattningar. Vårt resultat var att eleverna vi intervjuade var motiverade att lära sig matematik och att deras motivation främst kom inifrån. Flera gav uttryck för en vilja och ett intresse att lära sig för sin egen skull och de flesta menade att det var viktigt för dem att lära sig matematik. Lärarna menade att de tänkte på att motivera sina elever, bland annat genom verklighetsanknytning. Huruvida eleverna kände sig självstyrande och kompetenta hade vi svårt att besvara eftersom eleverna generellt var nöjda med den undervisning läraren utformat och inte tycktes ha funderat över möjligheten att välja de för dem optimala utmaningarna för att öka sin motivation. Som blivande lärare menar vi att det är viktigt att få en inblick i hur elever kan tänka kring matematik och vad som motiverar dem att lära sig ämnet. Vårt resultat visar på några elevers tankar kring och uppfattningar om matematik och kan således ses som exempel på hur elever kan tänka kring detta ämne. Eftersom motivation är den drivkraft som får människan att vilja lära sig något menar vi att man som lärare bör ha den i åtanke.
Segmentation and Seasonlity within the Chinese Stock Market
(2014-03-21) Petersson, Hanna; Sharq, Mostafa; University of Gothenburg/Department of Economics; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för nationalekonomi med statistik
The purposes of this thesis are to investigate the integration of the Chinese stock markets with the world market as well as test for seasonality within the market. We have used the A-share indices on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets and the five underlying sub-indices for each market. These indices have been compared to the MSCI world market index, which represents the global market. In our test for seasonality we find proof of seasonality in the main indices as well as for the sub-indices for the first two sub-periods but not for the third (2006-2013). This implies that the market is becoming more efficient and that arbitrage opportunities are diminishing. Regarding our test for market integration we have used a modified Jorion and Schwartz model where results suggests that the Chinese stock market is still heavily segmented from the world despite the liberalization of market regulations that have been implemented by the Chinese government over the last two decades.