Browsing by Author "Rydbeck, Anna"

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    Hur kan könsskillnader i arbets- och livsvillkor förstås? : Metodologiska och strategiska aspekter samt sammanfattning av MOA-projektets resultat ur ett könsperspektiv
    (Arbetslivsinstitutet, 2000) Härenstam, Annika; Westberg, Hanna; Karlqvist, Lena; Leijon, Ola; Rydbeck, Anna; Waldenström, Kerstin; Wiklund, Per; Nise, Gun; Jansson, Catarina
    How can gender differences in work and living conditions be understood? Aspects on methods and strategies in research and a summary of the results of the MOA-project from a gender perspective To investigate and compare women's and men's work and living conditions is not an easy task. This is, among other things, due to the fact that gender research is an area where many different theories and models of explanations are claimed. Sometimes there are great differences both in ideology and scientific frames of reference and point of departure. It is also a question of the widespread gender segregation in our society. The objective of the MOA-study ÒModern Work and Living Conditions for Women and Men" has been to develop methods better adjusted to modern work and living conditions. In this work the gender perspective was of central interest. The report summarises results and conclusions of earlier as well as new qualitative and quantitative analyses which are relevant for gender comparative studies of work and life conditions. Through the combination of different theoretical and methodological strategies in an empirical study we wish to contribute to a deeper understanding in what constitutes the gender differences and how they can be explained. The strategies used and discussed in the report are: The selection design; particularly gender matched sampling. Methodological testing; using different methods for data collection and analyses (triangulation); investigating the reliability, validity, relevance and meaning of questionnaire items and classification of occupations as indicator on exposure and position for women and men. Variable oriented and person oriented approaches in gender comparative analyses. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods of analyses. Structural perspective. The meaning of the gender segregation is analysed. Women's and men's work conditions in different sectors on the labour market are investigated and compared. Data are collected on different levels and combined. Interaction between levels is analysed. Overall perspective is applied on women's and men's work- and living conditions in order to study the consequences of total work load, the distribution of responsibility in the family, the interface between the work sphere and the private sphere and the time allocated in paid and not paid activities. Interdisciplinary perspective (social, psychological, ergonomical and chemical/physical working conditions). The empirical results from the MOA-project's many different analyses are used as an illustration on how similarities and differences between gender can be studied. Data on individual level and organisational and labour market levels have been combined and analysed in different constellations. The report starts with methodological and strategic questions relevant to studies on gender and work. After that the results from the MOA-project are concluded in relation to the chosen strategies. The report continues with two sections where the results of deeper analyses are summed up. Furthermore, methods and strategies for gender comparative studies as well as mechanisms of reshaping gender segregation are discussed. Finally, proposals are given on strategies and questions for continuing research. Our hope is that the chosen approach, i.e. to Òcut" a project from how the gender perspective has been highlighted in a variety of questions, can bring useful knowledge to coming research in the area gender, work and health.
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    The Significance of Organisation for Healthy Work : Methods, study design, analysing strategies and empirical results from the MOA-study
    (Arbetslivsinstitutet, 2004) Härenstam, Annika; Rydbeck, Anna; Karlkvist, Monica; Waldenström, Kerstin; Wiklund, Per; Group, the MOA Research
    The aim is to contribute to knowledge concerning the linkage between organisations and working conditions and health in contemporary working life. The study tries to bridge the gap between work and health research, on the one hand, and organisation research, on the other. We believe that knowledge from both these research fields are needed in order to be successful in intervention, prevention and health promotion. Empirical evidence and experience from data collection in one specific study (the MOA-study) are presented and used as illustrations of methodological issues that need to be dealt with. Results of pattern and multilevel analyses of organisational characteristics and changes and their importance for working conditions are described. The results strongly support the contention that organisations matter. The results of multi-level analyses showed that a large proportion (9-66%) of the variance in working conditions was attributed to the organisational level. In addition to empirical evidence, the report provides guidance on what to assess, how to assess and analyse. Specific organisational dimensions linked with working conditions are identified and empirically tested. Such information is intended to support future research and evaluations of intervention programmes. Finally, conclusions from the empirical results, experiences from the data collection and analyses are drawn and research questions of interest for future research are raised. Issues that seem particularly interesting for theoretical development and further empirical studies are: stakeholder orientation , type of operations and work objects , organisational changes , centralisation and responsibilisation and distribution of risks and inequalities in working life . One important conclusion of our study is that organisational structures and changes have a direct impact on working conditions. But equally important are staffing structures, policies and the macro-environment of the organisation when trying to understand the organisational impact on work. Hopefully our report can be valuable for many groups interested in studying and promoting healthy working conditions, such as organisational researchers, occupational health researchers, OHS experts and managers.