Browsing by Author "Stattin, Mikael"

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    Förtidspensionärer i ett tioårsperspektiv : En jämförelse av de nya förtidspensionärerna 1988, 1993 och 1998
    (Arbetslivsinstitutet, 2001) Höög, Jonas; Stattin, Mikael
    The main objective with this study was to compile a picture of the individuals granted disability pension in Sweden in 1988, 1993 and 1998. It presents an overall picture of the social and professional backgrounds of the individuals granted disability pension during these three years and discusses the trends that we observed. The data material used contains information about all individuals who received disability pension 1988 (54,000), 1993 (63,000) and 1998 (34,000). The results showed that fairly substantial changes have occurred over the ten-year period studied. During the period there has been a continuous increase in the proportion of female disability pensioners. The average age has dropped considerably while the proportion of individuals who prior to the pension year were single and/or unmarried has increased. The picture with regard to diagnoses has changed fairly dramatically, and the most marked change is that the proportion of musculoskeletal disorders has decreased, while psychological complaints account for a larger proportion of the diagnoses. Another development during the ten-year period is that fewer and fewer disability pensioners were granted full disability pension and thus, the number with partial benefits have increased. The situation concerning the educational and labour market background have changed substantially. Those who received disability pension in the late 1990s were more highly educated than was the corresponding group 10 years earlier. It is primarily the proportion of individuals with 2-year Swedish upper secondary school that has increased, while those with only compulsory school education declined. These changes in educational background correspond to changes concerning social class and occupation. Although manual labourers still made up the largest proportion of disability pensioners, this proportion steadily decreased, while the proportion of white-collar workers grew. This trend is also reflected in the decreasing numbers that had worked in manufacturing occupations prior to the pension while those previously hired in professional, technical occupations accounted for a growing proportion among the disability pensioners. The comparison between the three years has thus reviled a shift towards mid-level groups in terms of both profession and education and this trend is more pronounced among women. A general conclusion that can be drawn from the comparison presented in this study is that the variation concerning pension types, diagnoses categories, social background and labour market status has increased over time. In this respect, disability pension has been diversified. At the same time, however, the results suggest that the disability pension system is placing greater emphasis on groups clearly marginalized in relation to the labour market. Individuals with clearly definable handicaps and complex social circumstances are being granted disability pension to an increasing extent, regardless of their social class and professional background.