"Rueda de espejos" ¿Un espejo de la España Franquista? Un estudio sobre los valores franquistas en un libro de texto utilizado en la enseñanza primaria española durante la tercera etapa del fanquismo

Abstract

Observing the present doctrinarian characteristics in a children reading book named "Rueda de Espejos", originally used in educational purposes during the third and last phase of the kingdom of General Franco de Rivera, characterized by the slight liberation of the restrained society of Spain, the following essay investigates the presence of the emergent values transmitted and reproduced by the dictator and his followers. Based on theories about the indoctrinatory role of education, and given references to what is to consider as characteristic for the ideology of Franco such as patriotic, racist, conservative, religious and anti-feminist morals, this essay highlight the educational implications in the maintenance of a hegemony, drawing the conclusions that doctrinarian contents were still present in the analyzed educational material in question spreading several ideological messages. Firstly, that the united, prestigious and powerful empire of Spain is to be admired meanwhile whatever might differ from it is to be considered as exotic and inferior. Secondly, what appears to be scientifically proof of the existence of God whom man is destined to serve in the same way that the employee shall be grateful to his employer and the young must learn from the elder. And thirdly, misogynic images of the Christian, obedient housewife who supports the strong, brave and courageous hero. In addition, this study shows from a historical-pedagogical perspective that the analyzed book in question, supposedly created and utilized to sustain the catholic and patriarchal hegemony of Franco, indeed is a reflection of its Franco-historical context.