Patientdelaktighet inom intensivvård – är det möjligt? En intervjustudie med patientfokus

Spjuth, Eva-Theres

Patient participation in intensive care – is that possible? An interview study with patient focus

Abstract

Bakgrund: Patientdelaktighet är ett lagstadgat och centralt begrepp inom sjukvården som fått större uppmärksamhet under senare år, framförallt då den personcentrerade vården är på framfart. Det finns ingen enhetlig tolkning av begreppet patientdelaktighet men har under senare tid bland annat beskrivits som en relation mellan vårdgivare och patient och där personalen ger tillbaka en del av sin makt för att patienten ska uppnå delaktighet. Inom intensivvårdskontext är delaktighet mycket komplext framförallt beroende på patienternas allvarliga sjukdomstillstånd och det finns mycket lite beskrivet vad innebörden av patientdelaktighet är, framförallt utifrån patientperspektiv. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters upplevelse av delaktighet i vården under deras vistelse på thoraxintensivvården. Metod: En kvalitativ design med semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio deltagare. Intervjuerna analyserades induktivt med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visade att patienternas upplevelse av delaktighet påverkades av flera faktorer som delades upp i sju kategorier: relationen med personalen, att vara svårt sjuk, tillit, kommunikation, att bli betraktad som en person, personlighet och sjukdomstillstånd. Delaktigheten kunde vara högre eller lägre och varierade under tiden. Slutsats: Att vara kritiskt sjuk gör att patientdelaktighet handlar om ”de små sakerna”, som att bli lyssnad till eller att alltid bli tillfrågad. Delaktigheten är föränderlig och beroende av flera faktorer och där personalen är en av de viktigaste. Personalens inverkan på patienternas delaktighet är stor och kan både hindra och möjliggöra delaktighet, beroende på vilken relation de har till patienten eller vilket engagemang personalen har.

Degree

Student essay

Other description

Background: Patient participation is established in laws and its’ significance has gained meaning in health care, especially due to the progress of person-centered care. The concept lacks clarity but has recently been described as a relationship between healthcare provider and patient and where staff gives back part of their power to ensure that the patient should achieve participation. Participation within intensive care context is complex especially because of the severity of their illness and there is lack of research literature what the meaning of patient participation is, especially from the patients’ perspective. Objective: The aim of the study was to describe patients’experiences of participation during their stay at thoracic intensive care unit. Method: A qualitatative approach using a semi-structured interview in ten patients was used. The interviews were analyzed inductive using qualitative content analysis. Findings: Seven categories emerged from the interviews of the experiences from the patients and those were: the relation with the staff, to be critical ill, trust, communication, being viewed as a person, personality and health condition. Conclusion: Patient participation during critically illness is about ”small things”, such as to be listened to or always be in the know. The participation is variable and dependent on several factors, which the staff is on of the most important. The influence from the staff on patient participation is big and can both restrain and enable participation, depending on what relation they have to the patient or what engagement the staff have.

Date

2018-07-10

Author

Spjuth, Eva-Theres

Keywords

Delaktighet

patientdelaktighet

intensivvård

intensivvårdspatient

kvalitativ

Language

swe

Metadata

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