GABBEH Kvinnors roll i Qashghai nomader i provinsen Fars, Iran

Abstract

The province of Fars is one of the southern provinces of Iran. Most people in the province speak Persian but the Turkish nomads (Qashqai nomad) speak Turkish. The first historical traces of the Qashqai community in Iran goes back to the first millennium BC. The nomads 'main supply is the production of handcrafts, which is a type of complementary and inseparable task of the nomads' economy and life. Handicraft has two aspects: self-consumption and export. Social and cultural studies of hand-woven in Iran show that Iran's oldest and most valuable textiles have been produced by Qashqai nomad in Fars. Qashqai nomads wove the best Gabbeh so their products are highly appreciated abroad. In fact, Gabbeh is a type of Iranian rug. The first Gabbeh was woven by the Qashqai nomads. Gabbeh in Persian means hard and rough. Weaving of Gabbeh does not need a pattern and weaver weaves any pattern that is in her mind. This study is based on women's perspective in Fars province in southern Iran and what in this handcraft is creativity and plays an important role in both family and society. The purpose of this study is to make visible how nomad women participate in the family's finances by manufacturing Gabbeh. Describing how women participate in the lives of nomads by weaving Gabbeh is another part of the purpose where the reader could gain an understanding of this technique and know what materials would be used or which difficulties exist during the work. Nomad women have an important role in the field of handicrafts. This work wants to explore the area by asking an important question. Which means that the role played by nomads’ women in the family economy by weaving Gabbeh.