Krigets inverkan på kulturarv. En studie av Irakiska kulturarvet

Abstract

As we know cultural property is constantly at risk: looting for profit , illegal “ treasure hunting “ and the organized plunder of archaeological sites in search of saleable artifacts is a worldwide problem. The situation was already grave, the moment that military operations come into play. The risk to cultural heritage increases and the public relations risk to U.S forces operating in culture rich Iraq and regions escalated. The United States and its allies ignored the warnings of organizations and scholars concerning the protection of Iraq's cultural heritage, including museums, libraries, archaeological sites and other precious repositories. Arsonists badly burned the National Library and looters pillaged the National Museum. Looters also damaged or destroyed many historic buildings and artifacts. The US constructed a military base on the site of ancient Babylon. Coalition forces destroyed or badly damaged many historic urban areas and buildings, while thieves have ruined thousands of incomparable, unprotected archeological sites. Known as the cradle of civilization, Iraq contains more than ten thousand recorded archaeological sites and monuments. In addition, many thousands of sites have not been excavated. Widespread looting decimated hundreds of these sites. Postwar sanctions prohibited Iraq from receiving international assistance, leaving the country to a unknown future.