Browsing by Author "Krantz, Lasse"

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Applying a Community-Based Approach to Tenure Formalization
(University of Gothenburg, 2018) Krantz, Lasse; Unit for Human Geography, Department of Economy and Society, University of Gothenburg
There is today a growing recognition internationally of the importance of securing tenure rights to land and other natural resources in those regions of the world where a majority of the population depend on these resources for a livelihood. Partly this is related to the escalating global demand for land for commercial investments of various kinds, which threaten to deprive poor rural populations of their most important subsistence resource, i.e., land, unless their rights to it are better secured. Partly it is a result of the climate change and environmental agenda, which, it is now being realized, will not be effective unless tenure rights to forests and other terrestrial resources are clarified. At the same time there has been a rethinking of approaches for securing local tenure rights in practice. Experience has shown that the conventional approach i.e., individual freehold titling, has often not worked well in areas where communal forms of customary tenure predominate, which research has shown is still the case in many parts of the world. This insight, in turn, has led to an interest in what could generically be referred to as the “community-based” approach to tenure formalization, i.e., where rights to own or manage land and other natural resources are formalized at the level of the community as a collective landholding unit. Building land tenure formalization on already existing customary communal tenure systems is not a new idea. This was put forward already in the early-1990s as an alternative to systematic titling and it has been further discussed since the early 2000s. Also The World Bank, otherwise a leading proponent of individual land titling and privatization of land tenure relations in Africa, recognized in its 2003 land policy paper that at least in some situations supporting the institutionalization of customary group rights to land might be a more socially advantageous and cost-effective solution than individual assignment of property rights. More recently, a similar approach to securing Africa’s land has been advocated by the former Lead Land Specialist in Africa Region at the World Bank. So what are the advantages with this alternative approach? Firstly, focusing on the formalization of community lands as collective holdings makes it possible to cover quite extensive areas and populations in a relatively short period of time and at a limited cost. In other words, it is a cost-effective way of providing local rural populations with some basic tenure security over their customary territories, which is especially important in today’s escalating global competition for land. Secondly, at least in principle, this model ensures certain equality in tenure by providing community members with the same legal rights as co-holders of the community landholding. Thirdly, including all types of land, e.g., individual as well as commons, agricultural as well as forest land, under one and the same tenure regime, conforms better with the integrated character of many smallholder farming systems in developing countries. Mozambique is one of the countries in Africa that has adopted this approach in its land policy and legislation, based on a land law promulgated in 1997, which is now being implemented at a gradually expanding scale throughout the country. The purpose of this paper is to assess the outcome as well as to identify some critical issues and challenges when implementing this law in practice, based on a case study from the Province of Niassa in Northern Mozambique.
Det dubbla uppdraget. Utbildades syn på det dubbla uppdraget.
(2025-02-28) Schön, Lars Martin; Andersson, Camilla; Krantz, Lasse; Univerty of Gothemburg/Department of education, communication and learning; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik, kommunikation och lärande; Univerty of Gothemburg/Department of education, communication and learning; Göteborgs universitet/Institutionen för pedagogik, kommunikation och lärande
This study examines the experiences and perspectives of after-school program teachers through a qualitative research approach. The purpose is to deepen the understanding of their experiences within the after-school setting and how these insights might contribute to the development of this environment. Semi-structured and narrative interviews were used for data collection, allowing a flexible and open conversational format where participants could express both concrete opinions and implicit thoughts. Following Ahrne and Svensson's (2022) argument, which emphasizes the importance of qualitative interviews in capturing experiences of individuals active within specific social settings, this method is considered well-suited for the study’s purpose. The narrative interviews provided the interviewees with the freedom to describe their own experiences in detail, while the semi-structured interviews ensured a foundational structure and opportunities for follow-up questions. By combining these methods, we captured a deeper understanding of teachers’ experiences and the emotions characterizing their professional roles in after-school programs. The results show that understanding both explicit and implicit aspects of their work can offer valuable insights into the challenges and development opportunities within after-school program operations. This study may thus provide a foundation for future improvements and targeted professional development in after-school pedagogy. Översatt till Svenska Denna studie undersöker fritidshemslärares erfarenheter och perspektiv genom en kvalitativ metodansats. Syftet är att fördjupa förståelsen av deras upplevelser inom fritidshemsverksamheten och hur dessa erfarenheter kan bidra till verksamhetens utveckling. För insamling av data användes semistrukturerade och narrativa intervjuer, vilket möjliggjorde en flexibel och öppen samtalsform där deltagarna kunde uttrycka både konkreta åsikter och outtalade tankar. Med stöd i Ahrne och Svenssons (2022) resonemang, som betonar betydelsen av kvalitativa intervjuer för att fånga upplevelser från personer verksamma inom en specifik social miljö, anses metoden vara väl lämpad för att nå studiens syfte. De narrativa intervjuerna gav de intervjuade frihet att beskriva egna upplevelser i detalj, medan de semistrukturerade intervjuerna säkerställde en grundläggande struktur och möjlighet till följdfrågor. Genom kombinationen av dessa metoder kunde vi fånga en djupare bild av lärarnas erfarenheter och de känslor som präglar deras yrkesroll i fritidshemmet. Resultaten visar att en förståelse för både uttalade och outtalade aspekter av deras arbete kan bidra till värdefulla insikter kring fritidshemsverksamhetens utmaningar och utvecklingsmöjligheter. Denna studie kan därmed utgöra ett underlag för framtida förbättringar och en mer riktad kompetensutveckling inom fritidshemspedagogiken
Securing Customary Land Rights in Sub-Saharan Africa
(University of Gothenburg, 2015) Krantz, Lasse