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When the Rubber Meets the Road -Ecotoxicological Hazard and Risk Assessment of Tire Wear Particles
(2008-09-18)Large amounts of rubber particles are dispersed into the environment due to tire wear. The rubber contains a wide range of chemicals, including several of environmental concern. The purpose of this thesis, which is based ... -
Effects of future climate on carbon assimilation of boreal Norway spruce
(2008-10-10)In boreal forests, the main factors limiting biomass production are the harsh climate, which combines a short growing season and low annual levels of incoming solar energy, and the limited availability of nitrogen. These ... -
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Neotropical Organisms: New Insights into an Old Riddle
(2008-11-07)Nowhere else on Earth are there so many species of plants and animals as in the Neotropical region. Yet, many questions remain concerning the causes underlying such outstanding diversification. In this thesis, I use a ... -
Does fish health matter? The Utility of Biomarkers in Fish for Environmental Assessment
(2008-11-28)Two common strategies to assess exposure to environmental toxicants are to measure chemical concentrations in the environment and to examine the presence of certain species that are known to be sensitive to pollution. The ... -
Impacts of Antifouling Compounds on Photosynthesis, Community Tolerance and psbA Genes in Marine Periphyton
(2008-12-18)ABSTRACT Toxicants can act as selective pressures in the environment, eliminating sensitive genotypes or species and favouring tolerant ones. Such toxicant-induced selection can be detected in natural communities using ... -
On Toxicant-Induced Succession in Periphyton Communities: Effects of Single Chemicals and Chemical Mixtures
(2009-02-27)This thesis deals with the effects of single chemicals and chemical mixtures on biological communities. Ecosystems are exposed to complex mixtures of chemicals, and because combination effects can occur, it is necessary ... -
Interplay between phospholipids and digalactosyldiacylglycerol in phosphate limited oats
(2009-03-09)Phosphate is an essential nutrient. In most soils it is limiting, which has resulted in that phosphate is supplied as fertilizer to increase crop yield. Through evolution, plants have adapted several mechanisms to increase ... -
An evolutionary view of the taxonomy and ecology of Inocybe (Agaricales) with new perspectives gleaned from GenBank metadata
(2009-04-16)Inocybe (Inocybaceae) is one of the most speciose genera among the gilled mushrooms (Agaricales) but large parts of its taxonomy and evolutionary history remain poorly explored. The present thesis shows that the traditional ... -
Greenhouse gas fluxes between drained forested peatlands and the atmosphere - influence of nutrient status and wood ash fertilization
(2009-04-24)The management of peatlands for wood production involves drainage and, sometimes, fertilization with, for example, wood ash. The effects of these measures on greenhouse gas fluxes, in relation to the nutrient status of the ... -
Steady, ready, go - proteomics of etioplast inner membranes reveals a high readiness for light
(2009-05-25)Light is essential for development of photosynthetically active chloroplasts. In the absence of light proplastids develop into etioplasts which are readily transformed into chloroplasts upon illumination. The etioplast ... -
Carbon stock and fluxes in Nyungwe forest and Ruhande Arboretum in Rwanda
(2009-11-20)Conservation and sequestration of carbon in forest ecosystems are potential strategies to reduce or stabilize the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and mitigate climate change. Estimating the degree to which forest ... -
Characterization of cholorplast protein import in Arabidopsis thaliana with emphasis on Toc64 and Tic55
(2009-12-15)Although the chloroplast possesses a genome of its own most genes have been transferred during the evolution to the nucleus to acquire more transcriptional control, and couple the activities of the whole cell to events at ... -
Process-based modelling of N losses from terrestrial ecosystems
(2010-05-20)Nitrogen (N) loss to atmosphere and ground water can contribute to environmental destruction, by N emission as the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) and by leaching of N to contamination and eutrophication of water. Dynamic ... -
Phylogenetic and phyloclimatic inference of the evolution of Potentilleae (Rosaseae)
(2010-05-20)Polyploidization has occurred many times during the evolution of angiosperms. Allopolyploidization is believed to be the process behind many of these genome duplications, and has resulted in a genetically diverse angiosperm ... -
Land use effects on nitrous oxide emission from drained organic soils
(2010-05-21)Since industrialisation, the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) has increased significantly. The most important anthropogenic GHGs are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). N2O is ... -
Effects of pharmaceuticals on natural microbial communities: Tolerance development, mixture toxicity and synergistic interactions
(2010-09-17)Due to our extensive use of pharmaceuticals, low concentrations (picomol-nanomol/L) end up in the aquatic environment. Antibiotics comprise a group of pharmaceuticals specifically designed to disrupt microbial ... -
Phylogeny and biogeography of the plant family Calceolariaceae
(2010-11-26)Calceolaria L., Jovellana Ruiz & Pav., and Porodittia G. Don (=Stemotria Wettst. & Harms) toghether constitute the family Calceolariaceae consisting of approximately 300 species distributed manily in South America. The ... -
Reproductive Biology and Population Genetics of Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
(2011-03-17)Common Ash, Fraxinus excelsior L. (Oleaceae) is a wind-pollinated, wind-dispersed, deciduous tree, commonly occurring throughout Central and Northern Europe. The thesis addresses several questions concerning reproductive ... -
Environmental and health hazards of chemicals in plastic polymers and products
(2011-04-15)Plastics are extremely diverse in terms of chemical composition, properties and possible applications, and are widely distributed in the society and the environment. In the last 15 years the global annual production has ... -
Management of urban woodlands - effects on bird communities and recreational values
(2011-05-07)The ongoing urbanisation increases the pressure on urban nature. Urban woodlands are receiving growing attention as they provide valuable ecosystem services to urban citizens, mainly by providing areas for recreation but ...