Grön, grönare, grönast. En jämförande studie av riktlinjerna 3-30-300 i tätorterna Göteborg, Borås och Hönö & Öckerö

Abstract

Increasing climate change, increased urbanisation and densification is putting more pressure on greenery in cities. At the same time, urban green space is competing with all other forms of land use in cities, and often loses in favour of commercial land use. Additionally, there are many different guidelines regarding urban green space and many different methods to measure it. A way of combining all these methods and guidelines is 3-30-300. The guideline states that there should be 3 visible trees from every home, place of work and school; 30% canopy cover in every neighbourhood and 300 meters to the nearest green space. Swedish cities, which in many ways face the same challenges with densification and climate change, have different approaches to green planning. Based on this, there is an interest in empirically investigating how well 3- 30-300 is fulfilled in different urban areas based on size, land use and green planning. This study has compared the urban areas Gothenburg, Borås and Hönö & Öckerö. The results show that none of the urban areas fully meet the requirements for 3-30-300. 3 trees was the goal achieved the least. Only Borås reached an overall canopy cover of 30%. The 300 meters to the nearest urban green space was the guideline most frequently achieved in all three urban areas. This can be related to Swedish green planning and the urban areas’ own goals and guidelines. As a guideline, 3-30-300 is useful for measuring and comparing between neighbourhoods, areas and cities. The guideline is limited in being rigid in its design, being limited to city limits and requiring adaptation to local conditions, causing the guideline to be redundant. This makes the guideline inappropriate in many contexts.