DET ÄR FOKUS PÅ DE SOM JOBBAR HEMIFRÅN MER ÄN FOKUS PÅ DE SOM VILL VARA PÅ ARBETSPLATSEN - En kvalitativ studie om de som blir kvar på kontoret i en hybridarbetsmiljö

Abstract

With the recent emergence of hybrid work, research has almost solely focused on the experiences of remote workers. This study aims to shift the focus from the experiences of the remote workers, to the psychosocial work environment for the on-site workers when a majority of their colleagues are working remotely. This topic is of relevance within the field of Human Resource Management. It is also relevant within the public sector due to the differences in remote working opportunities for employees compared to the private sector. The aim of this study is to examine how hybrid work arrangements influence public sector employees' psychosocial work environment, as well as their perceived support and sense of belonging, for the employees staying on-site, whilst their colleagues are working remotely. A theoretical framework based on sense of coherence (KASAM), social support, and self-determination theory will be used to analyse and understand the empirical material. These theories can be used to understand the employees psychological well being, sense of support from their colleagues, and motivation. The study uses a qualitative method, based on thirteen semi-structured interviews with employees from three different public sector organisations. To analyse these interviews a thematic analysis was conducted to find codes and themes in the material. The thematic analysis identified six themes which include: loneliness, weaker relationships, perceived unfairness in attendance policies, and lacking informal communications. The digital platforms utilised by organisations function well for formal communications, however, they fall short as a platform for informal social interaction and support. When colleagues are absent from the office, employees' sense of coherence, sense of social support, and psychological needs within self-determination theory related to autonomy, competence, and belonging, are being negatively impacted. In conclusion the study finds that hybrid work arrangements have a significant impact on the on-site workers. Organisations should not solely focus on hybrid work arrangements, they should also take active steps to actively support social relationships by implementing policies such as predetermined joint office days to promote psychological well-being.