Romanica Gothoburgensia

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Editors: Andrea Castro, Christina Lindqvist, Anna Forné
ISSN 0080-3863
Published by the Department of Languages and Literatures of the University of Gothenburg

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    Liberté de création littéraire ou violation de la vie privée? - Aspects littéraires et juridiques
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2022) Hauksson-Tresch, Nathalie
    This thesis sets out to explore the clash between two rights. On the one hand the right of every person to protect his or her private life and reputation, on the other the right of an artist to create freely. Taking real people and putting them into literary works is not a recent phenomenon, but it is occurring more than ever in modern literature, just as there is a greater propensity to take novelists to court for what they write about real people. Obviously, people do not always appreciate becoming literary heroes, to see their most intimate secrets spread publicly and they themselves becoming the object of idle gossip. That is where the law intervenes, sometimes in favor of the victim, sometimes in favor of the artist, depending on the circumstances. The aim of this thesis is in the first place to proceed with a critical inventory of the current situation, including research into French law as well as court rulings regarding novelists sued by individuals who claim to have been turned into fictional characters. The research material consists therefore of legal decisions as well as of literary works. Fourteen chosen works of literature are discussed in the thesis. However, the main objective and core of the research is to propose new recommendations, inspired in particular by literary theories, which would allow for a better balance between opposing rights. This is all the more important since the French legal system has recently adopted a new law recognizing the specificity of artistic freedom, as compared to freedom of speech. Among the changes proposed is a law stating that a work presented as a novel should be treated as such by a court. Another proposed change is the implementation of the formal right of each person who feels his or her privacy has been encroached upon, to reply to the novelist, in a context provided by the publishing house. The most important improvement would be the possibility for the magistrate to call on an expert in literary and linguistic theories to assist in the case. The function of the expert would be to judge if the text in question contains elements that identify it as a work of fiction, and more importantly, to assess the degree of fictionality and credibility of the character alter ego of the individual claiming to have suffered from the publication. By taking into account literary techniques, and therefore the manner in which an eventual breach in privacy occurs, the courts could then make a fairer and more readily accepted decision, or at least one more in accordance with the rule of proportionality expected in every democracy.
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    La árbitra, la fiscala y la gerenta ¿por qué tan inusuales? - Un nuevo modelo explicativo del nombramiento de las mujeres profesionales españolas
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2022) Christel, Larsson
    The overall aim of this dissertation is to generate a theory explaining the variation in the way the Spaniards, particularly the Spanish women, designate female professionals. Three different studies are included, the first one a quantitative survey on how the use of the three main strategies for referring to female professionals (the feminine: la abogada; the common gender: la abogado; lexical modification: mujer abogado) is determined by the sex, the age and the educational level of the speakers. The material consists of 40 professions and includes job titles of various types, representing different socioeconomic levels in the Spanish society. The results show that 18 of the 40 professsions are used in the feminine, 22 in the common gender and, consequently, no profession is used in the third variant by the majority of the informants. The conclusions regarding the impact of the social factors confirm a majority use of feminine designations by the women, the oldest age group and the speakers with the highest level of education, respectively. However, the differences between the groups are marginal counted in absolute numbers. The analysis of the extent to which the informants are ready to accept the feminine of the professions demonstrates the highest values in the following groups: the women, the youngest age group and the informants with the lowest educational level. The results of the qualitative study show that several factors influence the election of variant in the 22 cases not used in the feminine according to the first study, which indicates the predomination of idiosyncrasy in this field. Due to the small differences between the groups concerning the feminine use, the aim of the third study is to find out what factors determine the female use. In 31 in-depth interviews, cards illustrating different professions, practised by both men and women, are presented and discussed. The analysis of this study is couched within the Grounded Theory framework, according to which the aim is to generate a new theory, not to confirm an existing one. Such a theory is entirely grounded in the empiric data that emerge throughout the analysis, when data are compared for similarities and formed into categories. The core category – existence in our study – is the one which accounts for most of the variation around the concern. Thus, the prerequisite of the use of a feminine title is its approval by the Royal Spanish Academy. However, its power is twofold. The academic norm is prescriptive only in non-existing cases, since nobody uses, unless in very specific contexts, a feminine title that is not accepted. In the opposite case, the use of the feminine is optional and determined by the factors awareness, presence, habit, aesthetics, attitude and idiosyncrasy. To ensure the highest degree of reliability and validity of our final conclusions, the last step consists of triangulating the three studies.
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    Romanistiken i Sverige – Tradition och förnyelse
    (2019) Elisabeth Bladh, Andreas Romeborn
    De s.k. romanska språken är de indoeuropeiska språk som har sitt ursprung i latinet. ”Romanska språk” är även beteckningen på den akademiska disciplin i vilken de romanska språken och litteraturen från de romanska språkområdena studeras. Den akademiska utbildningen och forskningen i romanska språk i Sverige, eller, med andra ord, den svenska romanistiken, utgör ämnet för denna antologi. I den belyses delar av den svenska romanistikens historia samt viktiga tendenser i dagens utbildning och forskning i romanska språk i Sverige. Frågan om vad som idag, i ett svenskt högskolesammanhang, kännetecknar romanska språk som akademisk disciplin, ges en ingående behandling. De 20-talet studier som samlats i antologin har författats av forskare verksamma vid lärosäten i Sverige och Norge. I boken anläggs ett övergripande metadisciplinärt perspektiv i den bemärkelsen att det är själva disciplinen romanska språk – eller någon aspekt av denna – som utgör studieföremålet. Utöver en introduktion och en avslutning innefattar volymen tre delar i vilka de olika studierna är grupperade. I bokens första del fokuseras den svenska romanistikens äldre historia, från ca. 1860 fram t.o.m. 1960-talet. Bokens andra del behandlar forskningens utveckling under de senaste 50-60 åren och dess aktuella tendenser. Den har gått från att vara inriktad mot ett fåtal forskningsfält – främst historiskt-komparativa studier och editionsfilologi – till att kännetecknas av en stor mångfald vad gäller ämnen, teorier och metoder. Forskningen har också gått mot en ökande specialisering, både vad gäller valet av språk som studeras och vad gäller inriktningen mot antingen språk- eller litteraturstudier. Bokens tredje del ägnas åt de akademiska utbildningarna och deras förändringar de senaste decennierna. Ett stort fokus har legat på de kommunikativa färdigheterna. På samma gång har det vetenskapliga innehållet i utbildningarna kommit att framhållas allt tydligare. En akademisk disciplin är i mångt och mycket ett institutionellt fenomen. Samverkande institutionella och organisatoriska faktorer bidrar till att romanistiken existerar som disciplin och gemenskap i Sverige, något som belyses i antologins avslutning.
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    Actitudes hacia la variedad caló y sus hablantes. Un estudio sociolingüístico de las opiniones de adolescentes andaluces
    (2016) Andersson, Pierre
    Caló is a language/variety spoken by the Spanish Calé (i.e. the Roma). The variety belongs to a group of languages referred to as “Para-Romani”, characterized by Romani vocabulary, but largely non- Romani morphology, phonology and syntax, in the case of Caló deriving from Spanish. Much research has been carried out regarding the vocabulary and the grammar of this variety. The conclusions drawn in those studies indicate that Caló is on its way to extinction. However, there is an expressed interest in reintroducing the variety, in a form called “Romanó-Caló”. Language attitudes play a decisive role for the destiny of endangered languages. In order for a revitalization project to be successful, the attitudes towards the variety being reintroduced have to be positive. The aim of this study is to measure the attitudes that both Calé and non-Calé have towards Caló and Caló speakers, a type of study never carried out in the past. The methods applied are both direct and indirect. In part one, 231 informants listened to different recordings of voices acting as either a “Spanish speaking person” or a “Caló speaking person”, a technique referred to as ‘matched guise’. Firstly, the informants were asked to write down their first three impressions of the speakers. Secondly, nine short questions related to the voices were asked, to which the subjects expressed their answers on attitude scales. They were also asked to match the voices with photos of people. Furthermore, the informants have answered questions regarding what variety is spoken at home, as well as if he or she has any knowledge of, or contact with, any language/variety, apart from Spanish. 182 informants continued with part two of the questionnaire, which consisted of 20 items – positive and negative statements towards Caló and Caló speakers. The informants have rated their agreement or disagreement to these statements on a Likert scale. Another exercise measured the willingness of the informants to use Caló words for naming various objects. In addition, the subjects were tested on their knowledge of some Caló words, as well as asked whether they thought it was “useful” to know how to speak Caló. Various statistical methods have been used in order to establish whether or not the results are statistically significant. The results of the analysis indicate that the attitudes differ towards Caló and Caló speakers, depending on the informant’s (a) ethnicity (b) contact with Caló as well as with Caló speakers, and (c) gender. It is those who – in their own opinion – belong to the ethnic group Calé, as well as those who claim that they have some contact with the variety and its speakers, who show positive attitudes in both parts of the study. The women also show more positive attitudes than the men. It is also possible to note positive attitudes towards the variety and its speakers among the subjects with a high level of knowledge of Caló words, as well as among those with the highest willingness to use Caló. These observations suggest that a revitalization project of the variety Caló has a clear chance of being successful.
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    La langue dans la littérature, la littérature dans la langue - Textes réunis en hommage à Eva Ahlstedt
    (2014) Söhrman, Ingmar; Vajta, Katharina; University of Gothenburg / Department of Languages and Literatures
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    Le Temps fait tout à l’affaire. Conscience de mort et stratégie de vie chez Molière.
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2014) Sörman, Richard; Institutionen för språk och litteraturer, Göteborgs universitet
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    "Soy el brother de dos lenguas ..." : el cambio de código en la música popular contemporánea de los hispanos en los Estados Unidos [Nueva ed.]
    (Göteborg : Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2008) Flores Ohlson, Linda; Göteborgs universitet/University of Gothenburg
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    El uso de combinaciones de palabras con que en un corpus de aprendices suecos de español como lengua extranjera
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2013) Pino Rodríguez, Aymé; Institutionen för språk och litteraturer, Göteborgs universitet
    Previous research in phraseological studies has approached the difficulties that learners of foreign and second languages have to produce word combinations derived from idiomatic- or phraseological principles. Using the theoretical framework of Sinclair‟s idiom principle and applying a corpus-based methodological approach to contrastive linguistics and the study of interlanguage, I have analyzed the use of Spanish word sequences by Swedish learners. I argue that Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language overuse different word combinations due to mother tongue influence (Swedish), and as a consequence of different accommodation strategies in their interlanguage. The differences in function and frequency of use of these combinations decrease proportionally with the development of learners‟ knowledge and skills in the target language. The thesis presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of word combinations with que: lo que, de que, algo que, dice que in 135 texts (corpus SAELE-Swedish students of Spanish as a foreign language) produced by 45 Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language (27 women and 18 men), at two Swedish universities. The sample represents 25.4% (P<0.005) of the total of 177 students (universe) enrolled in academic courses in Spanish as a Foreign Language. The study is contrastive corpus analysis of argumentative texts written by intermediate-level Swedish learners of Spanish (Corpus SAELE compiled by the author) which was compared with two control groups: one of native speakers of Spanish (control corpus of Spanish CEDEL2) and another of native speakers of Swedish (control corpus of Swedish ARGUS). The main research question was to examine whether Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language tend to use different word combinations with que: (lo que, de que, algo que and dice que) than Spanish and Swedish-natives. In addition, I have aimed at: (a) to carry out a survey based on sociolinguistic data obtained from students and (b) to investigate if the level of proficiency of Swedish learners of Spanish Foreign Language corresponded to A2-B1 within Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Due to its polysemous nature, que has a high frequency of use in the Spanish control corpora (3.45%). The Swedish equivalents att appeared with a frequency of 3.75% and som with of 2.13% in the Swedish control corpus. In the corpus SAELE que appeared with a frequency of 2.95%. The study has shown the differences in use and frequency in the production of Swedish learners with Spanish and Swedish speakers. The combination dice que seems to be the most frequently used by Swedish learners of Spanish as a foreign language, although it was 21.6 % more frequent among the Swedish learners than Spanishspeakers (control corpus CEDEL2) and 13.44 % than among Swedish-speakers (control corpus ARGUS). The overuse of the combination dice que could reflect a tendency by Swedish learners of Spanish to use formulations typical of speech rather than of writing. In addition it was found that Swedish learners of Spanish use the combination algo que (0.4%) double as often as Spanish-speakers and lo que equivalent to det som 6.57% and to vad som 7.47 % more frequently than Swedish-speakers. It 8 shows learners linguistics continuum if you consider that lo que is the combination most frequently used by Spanish-speakers and the Swedish equivalents to algo que were the combinations most commonly used by Swedish-speakers. The analyses of the essays by the Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language participating in the present study showed that their skills conformed to level A2 to B1 (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) according to the analyses of their essays. The learners produced some word combinations similar to those produced by Spanish natives, but made some errors in their written production. It was found that individual differences among participants with regard to age, length of study of Spanish in Sweden or a Spanish-speaking country could be another factor to take in account. A comparison of the Swedish learners with more advanced students of Spanish (level B1-B2), indicated that the latter used particle in a way that is directly proportional to the preferred choice by a native speaker. Pedagogical conclusions will be used to develop concordance and collocation-based exercises as a way of raising students‟ awareness of the use and function of recurrent words combinations with que in their written production.
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    Actes du XVIIIe congrès des romanistes scandinaves/Actas del XVIII congreso de romanistas escandinavos
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2012) Ahlstedt, Eva; Benson, Ken; Bladh, Elisabeth; Söhrman, Ingmar; Åkerström, Ulla; Institutionen för språk och litteraturer, Göteborgs universitet, Box 200, 405 30 Göteborg
    These papers were originally presented at the XVIIIe conference on Romance language research in Scandinavia that took place at the University of Gothenburg August 9–12, 2011, bringing together researchers from Danish, Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Baltic, and Swedish universities. The subjects approached cover a broad range of areas within linguistics, translation studies, literary studies and didactics. The following specialists were invited as key-note speakers: Manuel Alberca, Philippe Gasparini, Zlatka Guentchéva, and Martin Maiden.
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    El uso de combinaciones de palabras con que en un corpus de aprendices suecos de español como lengua extranjera
    (2012-05-07) Pino Rodríguez, Aymé
    Previous research in phraseological studies has approached the difficulties that learners of foreign and second languages have to produce word combinations derived from idiomatic- or phraseological principles. Using the theoretical framework of Sinclair’s idiom principle and applying a corpus-based methodological approach to contrastive linguistics and the study of interlanguage, I have analyzed the use of Spanish word sequences by Swedish learners. I argue that Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language overuse different word combinations due to mother tongue influence (Swedish), and as a consequence of different accommodation strategies in their interlanguage. The differences in function and frequency of use of these combinations decrease proportionally with the development of learners’ knowledge and skills in the target language. The thesis presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of word combinations with que: lo que, de que, algo que, dice que in 135 texts (corpus SAELE-Swedish students of Spanish as a foreign language) produced by 45 Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language (27 women and 18 men), at two Swedish universities. The sample represents 25.4% (P<0.005) of the total of 177 students (universe) enrolled in academic courses in Spanish as a Foreign Language. The study is contrastive corpus analysis of argumentative texts written by intermediate-level Swedish learners of Spanish (Corpus SAELE compiled by the author) which was compared with two control groups: one of native speakers of Spanish (control corpus of Spanish CEDEL2) and another of native speakers of Swedish (control corpus of Swedish ARGUS). The main research question was to examine whether Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language tend to use different word combinations with que: (lo que, de que, algo que, dice que) than Spanish and Swedish-natives. In addition, I have aimed at: (a) to carry out a survey based on sociolinguistic data obtained from students and (b) to investigate if the level of proficiency of Swedish learners of Spanish Foreign Language corresponded to A2-B1 within Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. Due to its polysemous nature, que has a high frequency of use in the Spanish control corpora (3.45%). The Swedish equivalents att appeared with a frequency of 3.75% and som with of 2.13% in the Swedish control corpus. In the corpus SAELE que appeared with a frequency of 2.95%. The study has shown the differences in use and frequency in the production of Swedish learners with Spanish and Swedish speakers. The combination dice que seems to be the most frequently used by Swedish learners of Spanish as a foreign language, although it was 21.6 % more frequent among the Swedish learners than Spanish-speakers (control corpus CEDEL2) and 13.44 % than among Swedish-speakers (control corpus ARGUS). The overuse of the combination dice que could reflect a tendency by Swedish learners of Spanish to use formulations typical of speech rather than of writing. In addition it was found that Swedish learners of Spanish use the combination algo que (0.4%) double as often as Spanish-speakers and lo que equivalent to det som 6.57% and to vad som 7.47 % more frequently than Swedish-speakers. It shows learners linguistics continuum if you consider that lo que is the combination most frequently used by Spanish-speakers and the Swedish equivalents to algo que were the combinations most commonly used by Swedish-speakers. The analyses of the essays by the Swedish learners of Spanish as a Foreign Language participating in the present study showed that their skills conformed to level A2 to B1 (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) according to the analyses of their essays. The learners produced some word combinations similar to those produced by Spanish natives, but made some errors in their written production. It was found that individual differences among participants with regard to age, length of study of Spanish in Sweden or a Spanish-speaking country could be another factor to take in account. A comparison of the Swedish learners with more advanced students of Spanish (level B1-B2), indicated that the latter used particle in a way that is directly proportional to the preferred choice by a native speaker. Pedagogical conclusions will be used to develop concordance and collocation-based exercises as a way of raising students’ awareness of the use and function of recurrent words combinations with que in their written production.
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    Euskaraz : lengua e identidad en los textos multimodales de promoción del euskara, 1970-2001
    (Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2008) Järlehed, Johan
    Much research has been done on the complex and often conflictive relationship between language and identity in different geographical settings. But little attention has been paid to the – mainly visual – campaigns that language movements realize in order to defend and promote their language. The aim of this study is to examine the representation of language and national identity in the campaigns which have been realized in the seven territories of the Basque Country during the last decades. The main concern is with the social construction and reproduction of what it means to ‘speak Basque’ and ‘be Basque’, and of the relationship between these two features, through the multimodal texts of the campaigns and the discourse that they articulate. Drawing on social semiotics, critical discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and cultural anthropology, the analysis is carried out on a corpus of 1211 multimodal texts – posters, stickers and murals – which were produced by more than 240 social actors within the Basque language movement 1970-2001. The principal findings suggest that both the language movement and its definition of the Basque identity have become more heterogenous. Since the beginning of the 1980’s there has been an ongoing struggle between the institutionalized part of the movement and the politiziced fraction on the goals and mediums of the revitalization process. This struggle is also related to the political and administrative status of the different territories of the Basque Country and their inhabitants. The texts of the institutionalized actors present a process of standardization which seems to respond to the political and linguistical normalization of the Basque Country. While they now reproduce a more open understanding of what it is to be Basque, the texts of the radical actors continue to relate euskara and the Basque identity in a quite narrow way. At the same time, the pro-euskara discourse that these texts articulate seems to be increasingly influenced by the current globalization and regionalization, and presents therefore an increasing incertainty as to what it means to be Basque and to speak Basque.
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    Den tvetydiga pakten. Skönlitterära texter i gränslandet mellan självbiografi och fiktion.
    (ACTA UNIVERSITATIS GOTHOBURGENSIS, 2011) Ahlstedt, Eva; Karlsson, Britt-Marie; University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs universitet
    The title of this volume [in English: ”The Ambiguous Pact. Literary Texts in the Border-zone between Autobiography and Fiction”], refers to a debate that has taken place in recent years among literary scholars: is it possible to draw a sharp line between fictional and autobiographical texts? Philippe Lejeune (Le Pacte autobiographique, 1975) suggested that this could be done by establishing what type of pact the author implicitly concludes with the reader. His theories are widely spread but also contested and recent research has focussed on the large field of generically hybrid, indeterminate texts that are neither traditional autobiographies nor entirely fictional. Some specialists have proposed to call such texts autofictions, a term spurned by others. The introductory chapter of this book summarizes the contributions made to this debate since the seventies (mainly in France) and tries to pinpoint the main reasons for disagreement and the questions left without satisfactory answers. Then follow eighteen case studies devoted to particular authors representing a wide range of cultural spheres. The authors discussed are the contemporary French writers Serge Doubrovsky, Marguerite Duras, Michel Houellebecq, and Éric Chevillard, Antoine Volodine (a contemporary Russian-born writer who publishes his books in French), Baudoin (a French artist who has produced several autobiographical comic strips), Fred Vargas, (a well-known French writer of detective novels), Romanian writer Mircea Cartarescu, French-speaking Belgian writer Jean Muno, French-Algerian writer Assia Djebar, Hélisenne de Crenne (a French writer from the sixteenth century), Spanish author Juan Goytisolo, three writers from Uruguay who have spent part of their lives in exile in Sweden (Carlos Liscano, Fernando Butazzoni, and Ana Luisa Valdés), Argentinean novelist Laura Alcoba, the poet John Hewitt from Northern Ireland, the contemporary German novelist Reinhard Lettau, the famous Japanese writer Yukio Mishima, Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish, Lebanese writer Rashīd al-Da‛īf, and South-African Nobel laureate J.M. Coetzee. Each study is written by a different specialist. A complete list of the contributors and the universities they represent is presented as an appendix at the end of the volume.
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    Funciones del pasado en los sistemas verbales español y ruso
    (2009-01-20T08:07:13Z) Westerholm, David
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    Lettres inédites de Paris : 1766-1770
    (1987) Molander, Marianne, 1942-; Creutz, Gustaf Philip, 1731-1785
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    Lettres inédites Gustave III : 1779-1780
    (1987) Creutz, Gustaf Philip, 1731-1785; Mary, Georges
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    Femmes aux frontières de l'interdit. Étude des premiers romans d'Assia Djebar (1957-1968)
    (2008) Bouaissi, Zahia
    AbstractTitle: Femmes aux frontières de l interdit. Étude des premiers romans d Assia Djebar (1957-1968)English title: Women on the Frontier of the Forbidden: A Study of Assia Djebar s Early Novels (1957-1968) Author: Zahia BouaissiLanguage: FrenchUniversity/Department/Year: Göteborg University (Sweden)/Department of Romance Languages: French and Italian Section/2008The present doctoral dissertation is a sociocritical study that aims at uncovering the presence of the dominant ideology in the literary works of Assia Djebar, an Algerian woman author writing in French. The purpose of this study is to show that although Djebar obviously wishes to expose the condition of women in the Algerian society, she in fact reproduces, at least in the novels under discussion, the same patriarchal discourse that she appears to criticize. This study will focus on the first four novels published by Assia Djebar: La Soif [The Mischief] (1957), Les Impatients (1958), Les Enfants du Nouveau Monde [Children of the New World] (1962) and Les Alouettes Naïves (1968).Although they were all published in France (Julliard Publishing House), these early Djebarien novels were written in Algeria where the dominant ideological discourse pervaded the whole of society. This discourse upheld the traditional values that were threatened by the new values introduced through the French occupation of the country. To many literary critics, Assia Djebar speaks for the women oppressed by old traditions that reinforce male domination while reducing women to silence. The central themes of the novels studied include women, their right to speak and to discover their bodies and sexualities, as well as their quest for more dialogue with their husbands and for freedom of movement. A careful analysis of Djebar s portrayal of female characters together with that of the different discourses that compose the dominant ideology and define the place of women in Algerian society show, however, that Djebar s early novelistic production is conditioned and overdetermined by that same ideology.The examination of the social imprint, of the social unconscious, requires the consideration of two elements: the text itself and its social context. The textual analysis will focus on a semiological study of the characters of the novels as the privileged locus of the manifestation of ideology (chap. 4). This analysis reveals an ideal Djebarien female character through contrasting it with its negative counterpart, the anomic character. An assessment/investigation of the reading strategies privileged in the novels (chap. 5) shows a characteristic predilection for a certain type of female character. The social context is addressed through the varied discourses of the dominant ideology. These discourses are confronted with the ideology articulated by the novels under examination (chap. 7). This study concludes with a discussion that aims to identify both the similarities and contrasts between the dominant discourse and that of Djebar s novels (chap. 8).Keywords: Algerian literature in French, sociocritique, semiological analysis, ideology, social unconscious, social discourse, overdetermination, women, anomy, La Soif [The Mischief], Les Impatients, Les Enfants du Nouveau Monde [Children of the New World], Les Alouettes Naïves, Assia Djebar.
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