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DNA methylation profiling of CNS tumors; implications for clinical diagnostics

Abstract
Diffuse gliomas and meningiomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults and these tumors cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Deregulation of the epigenetic mechanisms, e.g. in the form of aberrant changes of DNA methylation patterns, are important for the formation and development of many diseases including cancer. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling is an emerging molecular technique that offers a new way for characterization of CNS tumors with potential use in routine clinical diagnostics. In this thesis, we used DNA methylation profiling for evaluation of patient diagnosis and prognosis and further provide new insights into intratumor heterogeneity, highlighting the potential implications that this could bring into the clinical setting. In Paper I, we assessed the value of using DNA methylation profiling as a diagnostic tool for molecular classification of diffuse lower-grade gliomas. We demonstrated that methylation profiling provided accurate diagnostic and prognostic information and enabled a reliable molecular classification of the tumors according to the World Health Organization classification criteria. In Paper II, we studied DNA methylation profiles across distinct regions of glioblastomas and found methylation subclass differences within the tumors as well as variable methylation status of the clinical prognostic and predictive biomarker MGMT. In Paper III, we further explored DNA methylation and chromosomal copy number variability within adult-type diffuse gliomas and meningiomas and shed light on the effect of varying tumor cell content on methylation analyses. Diffuse gliomas and high-grade meningiomas were characterized by spatial methylation and chromosomal heterogeneity after accounting for tumor purity. In addition, we found heterogeneity of the clinical biomarker CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion in IDH-mutant gliomas. In Paper IV, we investigated DNA methylation changes during progression of IDH-mutant gliomas. The tumors accumulated methylation alterations over time, but methylation patterns were mostly maintained upon recurrence. In conclusion, we demonstrated the potential of using DNA methylation profiling for improved CNS tumor diagnostics and prognostics. We further provided a better understanding of the methylation and chromosomal heterogeneity in diffuse gliomas and meningiomas, which could affect the clinical diagnosis and treatment management of these patients.
Parts of work
I. Ferreyra Vega S, Olsson Bontell T, Corell A, Smits A, Jakola AS, Carén H. DNA methylation profiling for molecular classification of adult diffuse lower‑grade gliomas. Clinical Epigenetics, 2021, 13(1):102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-021-01085-7
 
II. Wenger A, Ferreyra Vega S, Kling T, Olsson Bontell T, Jakola AS, Carén H. Intratumor DNA methylation heterogeneity in glioblastoma: implications for DNA methylation-based classification. Neuro-Oncology, 2019, 21(5):616-27. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz011
 
III. Ferreyra Vega S, Wenger A, Kling T, Olsson Bontell T, Jakola AS, Carén H. Spatial heterogeneity in DNA methylation and chromosomal alterations in diffuse gliomas and meningiomas. Modern Pathology, 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-022-01113-8
 
IV. Ferreyra Vega S, Olsson Bontell T, Kling T, Jakola AS, Carén H. Longitudinal DNA methylation analysis of adult-type IDH-mutant gliomas. Manuscript.
 
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy (Medicine)
University
University of Gothenburg. Sahlgrenska Academy
Institution
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology. Department of Clinical Neuroscience
Disputation
Fredagen den 28 oktober 2022, kl. 9.00, Hörsal Arvid Carlsson, Academicum, Medicinaregatan 3, Göteborg
Date of defence
2022-10-28
E-mail
sandra.ferreyra.vega@gu.se
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/2077/72551
Collections
  • Doctoral Theses / Doktorsavhandlingar Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi
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Abstract (274.5Kb)
Thesis frame (5.660Mb)
Cover (2.616Mb)
Date
2022-10-05
Author
Ferreyra Vega, Sandra
Keywords
Central nervous system tumors
DNA methylation
clinical diagnostics
diffuse gliomas
meningiomas
heterogeneity
Publication type
Doctoral thesis
ISBN
978-91-8009-899-1 (tryckt)
978-91-8009-900-4 (PDF)
Language
eng
Metadata
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